Figures of speech
Simli ( उपमा अलंकार ) –
In a Simli, comparison is made between two distinctly different things, especially using, like, or/ and as.
Examples 1: – it droppeth as the gentle rain from heaven.
2: – or from star-like eyes doth seek.
Metaphor ( रूपक अलंकार ) –
It is a figure of speech that makes a comparison between two seemingly unlike things without using the connective words like, as, than or resembles. It is an implied simli.
Examples 1: – life is a dream.
2: – l see a lily on thy brow.
Personification ( मानवीकरण अलंकार ) –
Personification gives life to inanimate objects or makes animals look human.
Examples 1: – ” how far that little candle throws its beams!. So shines a good deed in a naughty world “.
2: – truth sits upon the lips of dying men.
Apostrophe ( सम्बोधक अलंकार ) –
In apostrophe, the speaker directly addresses an absent or dead person, an abstract quality, or something non-human as if it were present and capable of responding.
Examples 1:- frailty, thy name is woman!
2:- little lamb, who made thee?
Does Dost thou know who made thee?
Hyperbole ( अतिश्योक्ति अलंकार ) –
It is used as a great exaggeration.
Examples 1:- river of blood flowed in the battle.
2: – the waves rose mountains high.
Oxymoron( विरोधालंकार ) –
It is used when two terms are combined that in ordinary usage are contradictory.
Examples 1:- he is an open secret.
Onomatopoeia ( ध्वनि अनुकरणात्मक अलंकार ) –
The use of a word, whose sound imitates or suggests its meaning.
Examples 1:- l chatter, chatter as l flow, to join the brimming river.
2:- And beauty born of murmuring sound, Shall pass into her face.
Questions asked in board exams –
Point out the figures of speech in the following.
- Life is a sweet poison.
- Let not ambition mock their useful toil.
- The snakes are hissing and the bees are buzzing.
- Opportunity knocks at the door but once.
- Belinda smiled and all the world was gay.
- Frailty! The name is a woman.
- Anxiety is sitting on her face.
- Kalidas is the Shakespeare of India.
- O judgment! Thou art fled to brutish beasts.
- Love is the spice of life.
- I chatter, chatter as l flow. To the brimming river.
- Life is a dream.
- Death lays its icy hands on kings.
- And having nothing, he hath all.
- Hope is the poor man’s bread.
- Ten thousand saw I at a glance.
- I heard the water lapping on the crag.
- The city’s voice itself is soft like solitude, s.
- Revenge is a kind of wild justice.
- O solitude! Where are thy charms!
- Break, break, break, on thy cold grey stone, o sea!
- I wandered lonely as a cloud.
- O sweet content! Where is thy mild abode?
Answers –
- Oxymoron
- Personification
- Onomatopoeia
- Personification
- Hyperbole
- Apostrophe
- Personification
- Metaphor
- Apostrophe
- Metaphor
- Onomatopoeia
- Metaphor
- Personification
- Oxymoron
- Metaphor
- Hyperbole
- Onomatopoeia
- Simile
- Metaphor
- Apostrophe
- Personification
- Simile
- Apostrophe
